“人与自然和谐共生”愿景下生态产品价值实现机制与路径研究

生态产品价值实现是推动绿水青山转化为金山银山、促进人与自然和谐共生的关键路径和有效举措,对加快生态文明建设具有重要意义。本文根据生态产品的产权界限、公益性程度和供给消费方式,系统梳理了不同类型的生态产品价值实现模式,深入剖析了当下生态产品价值实现的制约瓶颈,如产权界定不清、法律制度不完善、市场机制不健全、生态补偿机制和保障体系有待进一步优化等。在此基础上,研究提出完善生态产品价值实现的针对性对策建议：①完善生态产品产权体系,夯实“绿水青山”向“金山银山”转化的制度基础;②培育生态产品市场建设,拓宽“绿水青山”向“金山银山”转化的市场化通道;③健全生态补偿机制,优化多主体利益联结机制;④强化生态产品价值实现保障体系,提升生态产品转化成效。     

峨边县土壤环境质量现状与优质安全农产品基地建设浅析

通过对峨边县几种主要农业土壤中重金属含量的监测和结果评价,分析出了峨边县土壤环境质量的现状,为峨边县发展无公害农产品和绿色食品生产基地提出建议。     

固体废物加工产物属于产品的条件

借鉴欧盟、经济合作与发展组织、美国提出的固体废物加工产物属于产品需要满足的条件,结合《固体废物鉴别导则(试行)》中鉴别固体废物加工产物不属于固体废物而属于产品时最常用的因素,提出固体废物加工产物属于产品需要同时满足的3个条件,即符合国家、地方或行业通用的产品质量标准,符合国家污染控制标准,以及生产工艺过程和相应设施通过环境影响评价及建设项目竣工环境保护验收,为固体废物加工产物的固体废物监管和鉴别提供参考。     

A suggestion for Korean resource productivity management policy with calculating and analyzing its national resource productivity

In this study, we suggested a criterion of Korean resource productivity calculation method including its range which is not generalized yet and analyzed its level by reviewing the resource productivity management policies and study trends of the major advanced countries. The material flow indexes that are widely used in major advanced countries, such as the domestic material consumption (DMC), were used to establish the resource productivity calculation method with estimation the domestic resource productivity during 2000–2010. As of 2010, the DMC was 590 million ton, GDP was 1 trillion dollars and DMC-based resource productivity was 1.75 thousand US dollars/ton, which was continuously increased during last ten years with 8.0%, 50.0%, and 38.9%, respectively. This increase tendency was not because of DMC reduction through resource management but because of just large GDP increase. The results of the comparison with other countries indicated that Korea had the lower resource productivity level and also the lower increasing rate than major advanced countries such as the UK and Japan, and required an efficient resource management plan for improvement. Therefore, we finally suggested a Korean resource productivity policy direction to construct its sustainable system for its improvement.     

先进控制软件(APC)在精馏装置的应用

为进一步提高甲醇精馏装置的综合自动化水平,稳定工艺指标,根据装置安全稳定运行的重要性,采用先进控制技术,应用预测控制、智能控制、软测量等先进控制技术,研究模型预测和反馈控制。结果表明:精馏装置相关工艺参数波动明显变小,工艺参与运行趋于更加平稳,产品质量也得到提升。